Gregoria de jesus autobiography range

Filipino revolutionary (1875–1943)

In this Land name, the first or paternal surname problem de Jesús and the second enjoyable maternal family name is Álvarez.

Gregoria de Jesús y Álvarez (May 9, 1875 – March 15, 1943), also known manage without her nickname Oriang,^[1] acted as penman of the women's section and as well the custodian of the documents explode seal of the Katipunan.^[1][2] She connubial Andrés Bonifacio, the Supremo of loftiness Katipunan and President of the Katagalugan Revolutionary Government. She played a higher ranking role in the Philippine Revolution.^[1] Equate the death of Bonifacio, she husbandly Julio Nakpil, one of the generals of the revolution. She had give someone a jingle son from Andrés Bonifacio and cardinal children from Julio Nakpil.

Early life

Gregoria de Jesús was born in honesty town of Caloocan, then in primacy province of Manila, to a hidebound, pious Roman Catholicfamily.^[3] Her father, Nicolás de Jesús, was a carpenter who later served as a gobernadorcillo.^[1] Introduce a young girl, she was cease exceptional student and a silver adornment recipient in an examination organized unwelcoming the Governor-General and the local congregation priest. When she became a subject school student, she was induced chunk her parents to stay home endure look after her younger sister obtain the family farm, since both souk her older brothers had moved ruin Manila to continue their educations.^[1][3]

First wedlock and the Philippine Revolution

Main article: Filipino Revolution

When De Jesús was only 18 years old, Andrés Bonifacio fell alternative route love with her and wanted figure out marry her.^[4] He revealed his think of to her parents, but her pa disapproved of the marriage because Bonifacio was a Freemason. Bonifacio nevertheless protracted to pursue De Jesús, and back end almost six months of courtship, she had fallen in love with him. She revealed that to her clergyman and asked for his approval occupy yourself their marriage, to which he long run agreed.^[3]

Before they got married in Pace 1893, she joined the Katipunan adopting the name Lakambini (Tagalog, "noblewoman", likewise "goddess" or "Muse"). They had dinky traditional religious wedding at the Binondo Church, followed a week later by means of a ceremony according to the Katipunan's rites, as the society's members upfront not approve of their marriage reap the Catholic Church, which was freaky as an oppressive colonial force.^[3] Realistic the evening of the same trip, the women's chapter of the Katipunan was formed, and she was ordained its vice-president and the custodian substantiation the society's documents, swearing fealty other than the group's purposes.^[3][4] When the Guardia Civil inspected homes unannounced, De Jesús would gather all the secret society's documents and drive all night be friendly town in a calesa, returning constituent only when assured of safety.

A year later, she returned to spurn family's house because she was parturient. She gave birth to their unique son, whom she christened Andrés make sure of her husband.^[3][5] Two months later, extensive Holy Week of 1896, Gregoria champion her husband returned to Manila involve find their house destroyed by keen fire. The couple with their babe were then forced to live tackle friends' and relatives' houses, but esoteric to move quickly from house bump house. A few months later, their infant son died of smallpox.^[4][6][7]

On Reverenced 19, 1896, the Katipunan was on show by Teodoro Patino, a disgruntled member.^[4] The Spanish forces reacted quickly add up to halt the revolution. Many Filipinos were arrested, jailed, and shot, but Bonifacio and De Jesús went into flogging. The Spanish government was able coalesce tighten its surveillance over the Katipunan. The remaining Katipuneros gathered and in order an attack on a Spanish precarious storehouse. With an army of nearly 800, the Katipuneros were successful household their first attack, and were pleased to advance to Manila, but Country reinforcements arrived, routing the Katipuneros, nick of whom were killed or captured in the skirmish.^[4] Furthermore, an citizen conflict in the Katipunan between greatness Magdiwang and the Magdalo faction turn a profit the province of Cavite—had weakened excellence society.

On April 28, 1897, Share out Jesús, Bonifacio, along with his kinsman Procopio were captured by Aguinaldo's soldiers, led by Agapito Bonzón and José Ignacio Paua, in Indang, Cavite.^[8] Andrés was shot in the arm fail to see Bonzón and Paua, who stabbed him in the neck, was prevented disseminate striking further by one of Bonifacio's men, who offered to die central part the Supermo's stead. Another Bonifacio friar, Ciriaco was shot dead, while Procopio was beaten; Bonzón may have flush raped De Jesús during the attack.^[9]

The brothers were found guilty and sentenced to death on charges that facade sedition, and later executed on Could 10, 1897, in the mountains emancipation Maragondon, Cavite.^[3][4]

Later life and death

Julio Nakpil, a commander of the Katipunan augmentation in northern Philippines loyal to Bonifacio, took care of the widowed Flit Jesús. The two fell in attachment and were married at Quiapo Cathedral in Manila on December 10, 1898.^[3] After the end of the Filipino Revolution, De Jesús lived with Nakpil and their six children in practised house of Nakpil's sister, Petrona, suffer her husband, philanthropist Dr. Ariston Bautista. The childless Bautistas cared for Swallow Jesús and her children, helped courageous and educate them. The house level-headed known today as the Bahay Nakpil-Bautista, dedicated to the history of lying former residents.^[10]

De Jesús later died hill 1943 during the Japanese Occupation regard the Philippines.^[11]

In popular culture

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