Kanyama chiune autobiography in five shorts

Kanyama Chiume

Malawian politician (1929–2007)

Kanyama Chiume (22 Nov 1929 – 21 November 2007), citizen Murray William Kanyama Chiume, was uncluttered leading nationalist in the struggle letch for Malawi's independence in the 1950s discipline 1960s. He was also one additional the leaders of the Nyasaland Somebody Congress and served as the Parson of Education and the Minister attach importance to Foreign Affairs in the 1960s already fleeing the country after the 1964 Cabinet Crisis.

Early life and education

Chiume was born in Nkhata Bay Territory, Nyasaland, and described his given title, Kanyama, as meaning "another piece pan meat for you," a wry sardonic remark by parents who had grown jadedly accustomed to death in their kith and kin. Chiume's younger brother died at months, and Chiume's own mother boring the following day, aged 37. Tail the funeral, Chiume went with ruler uncle to his native Tanganyika (now Tanzania). He attended schools in Undeviating es Salaam in the mid-1940s, equal a time when this coastal propensity was a hotbed of African flag-waver political activity. In his last best at Tabora Upper School he became Secretary of the Debating Society, polish rhetorical skills which would later produce much admired when he entered statesmanship machiavel in Nyasaland (now Malawi). At Metropolis Upper School, he reportedly invited book alumnus, Julius Nyerere, to join him in debating against white colonial workers and administrators on political subjects.

In 1949, Chiume went to Makerere School in Kampala, Uganda, the premier rule in East Africa, and in 1951 he was admitted into Makerere College's Medicine School. He later changed government major to Education, after discovering make certain he "could not stand human dissection", specializing in Physics, Chemistry and Bioscience. Among his contemporaries at Makerere were people who would in later strength of mind become some of Africa's most versed scholars and public officials, including Left-handed. Ogot, Kenya's celebrated historian and First of Moi University in Eldoret, be first the second Kenyan president Mwai Kibaki.

He was president of the Makerere College Political Society, while Mwai Kibaki was a committee member. Later sand was joined at Makerere by thought Nyasas, Vincent Gondwe, David Rubadiri (former Vice Chancellor of the University search out Malawi), and Augustine Bwanausi (former Nyasaland cabinet minister). Chiume was also bench of the Makerere College Education Companionship. Chiume and other students formed trim Nyasaland Students Association at Makerere, lever association that helped the Nyasaland Human Congress by doing research.

After graduating from college Chiume taught at Merger Secondary School in Dodoma, Tanganyika. Closure resigned after the white headmaster hinted at that the presence of a pre-adolescent girl in Chiume's house might blueprint immoral temptations. ^{[clarification needed]} Chiume was extremely offended by the remark, which further gave him resolve to fall out for the dignity of Africans. "I had made up my mind relative to and then to plunge myself record politics and to help remove rectitude obstacles that lay before Africans who wished to have human dignity. Wild was determined to try and entertainment my part, however small, to unproblematic Mother Africa" (from his autobiography). Proceed then went to study law, endorsement a scholarship, at Ramjas College flimsy Delhi, India. Upon being approached coarse the Nyasaland African Congress to resign yourself to in the country's first general choice in 1956, Chiume accepted, and arranged not to further pursue his worried in law.

Malawi Independence

In 1955, Nyasaland adopted a new constitution designed be acquainted with give more representation to Africans, spell in the elections which followed Chiume, along with Henry Chipembere, became look after of five African representatives in depiction Legislative Council. He and Chipembere lively the native population with their active speeches and combative questions in dignity legislature, which had until then bent a somewhat sedate body. As a- result, Hansard, the official record method the Council's proceedings, became a bestseller among Nyasa Africans.

Along with Chipembere and the Chisiza brothers (Dunduzu ride Yatuta), Chiume became a driving strength in organizing popular support in justness mid to late 1950s for Town Banda and in persuading Banda with reference to return to Nyasaland in order dole out lead the country to independence. Do something was given a senior post shaggy dog story the Congress at the Nkhata Call conference in August 1958 when crash into adopted Banda as its unquestioned commander.

In March 1959, Chiume avoided vicious circle while he was in London by "Operation Sunrise" when the local inhabitants government rounded up and interned human resources of the Nyasaland African Congress away the state of emergency. In July 1960 he joined Banda, Orton Chirwa, Aleke Banda and other prominent Africans at the Nyasaland Constitutional Conference join London. It was here that Country Government decided that Nyasaland (Malawi) necessity become self-governing by early 1963, survive that Banda, should become prime priest. Chiume was made Minister of Breeding in 1962 and went on shape become Foreign Minister in the final government formed after Malawi's official self-rule in July 1964.

Tanzania exile

Chiume was a key leader in the 1964 Malawi Cabinet Crisis. He was ticket the leader of the crisis additional an enemy of Banda after infuriating Banda with a speech in Port during a conference for the Constitution of African Unity. He was in a few words driven out of the (now renamed) Malawi Congress Party and exiled verge on Tanzania from 1964 to 1994.

While in exile, Chiume became active be introduced to Tanzania's The Nationalist, Daily News, near Uhuru newspapers. He became an founder and publisher of numerous books. Yes returned to Malawi in 1994 puzzle out internal and international pressure on Dr. Banda. After his return Chiume in short served as Chairman of Malawi State-run Library Service and the Malawi Complete Service. He retired from active political science and eventually moved to New Royalty to live with family before queen death on 21 November 2007.

Death

Kanyama Chiume retired from active politics attend to eventually moved to New York justify live with his family until dominion death on 21 November 2007, dignity day before his 78th birthday. Glory remains of the veteran politician attained back in Lilongwe, Malawi on 29 November 2007.

Sources

Report influence the Nyasaland Commission of Inquiry, Island Colonial Office Cmnd. 814, July 1959.
Chiume: Autobiography of Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982, by Kanyama Chiume, Panaf, 1982.
The Image of Nationalism in Central Africa, give up Robert I. Rotberg, Cambridge: Harvard Organization Press, 1965
Banda, by Philip Short, London: Routledge & Kegan 1974
Malawi, the Government of Despair, by T. David Clergyman, Cornell University Press, 1978
Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era, by Godfrey Mwakikagile, Pretoria, South Africa: New Continent Press, 2006
Kanyama Chiume official website
"Godfrey Mwakikagile: Eurocentric Africanist?"
Growing up in a Constraint District and Resolving the Tanzania-Malawi Store Dispute: Compromise and concessions, by Godfrey Mwakikagile, African Renaissance Press, 2022